平等主义（英语：Egalitarianism）是一些不关于政治上的哲学而发展出来的思想。这包括支持性别平等的人在回应女权主义的缺点而产生的分支，和支持种族平等的人一样，是为了回应有差别对待成分的防止种族歧视与性别歧视的积极行动。

平等主义是基于所有生命要求在社会上的平等政治主张，以及所有生命应平等地得到社会的保障。社会的保障包括法律权利、政治权利、公民权利，以至动物权利等等。平等主义核心的思想是平等，诸如必须不分物种、种族、阶级、性别、信仰、性取向之类。所以政府的政策不应因生命的物种、种族、阶级、性别、信仰、性取向等不同而偏袒倾向任何一方。

Egalitarianism (fromFrench égal, meaning "equal")—or, rarely, equalitarianism or equalism—is a trend of thought that favors equality for all people. Egalitarian doctrines maintain that all humans are equal in fundamental worth or social status, according to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, the term has two distinct definitions in modern English: either as a political doctrine that all people should be treated as equals and have the same political, economic, social, and civil rights; or as a social philosophy advocating the removal of economic inequalities among people, economic egalitarianism, or the decentralization of power. Some sources define egalitarianism as the point of view that equality reflects the natural state of humanity.