时代论（英语：Dispensationalism）是一种终末论、未来主义、释经学理论，相信神在圣经圣约中透过一系列的"时代(dispensations)"，或历史上的时期，以不同方式而完成给与人类的启示，属于千禧年前论（premillennialism）的一种形式，活跃于许多保守派基督新教信徒和其他保守派基督徒团体中。“Dispensation”一词相信来自英王钦定版《圣经》英文译本的《以弗所书》第3章第2-4节，不过亦有反对者认为此用法与其希腊文原文"οỉκονομία"在圣经中的意义不同。

作为一个系统，时代论于约翰·纳尔逊·达秘（1800年至1882年）的著作和弟兄运动中完整阐述，再透过《司可福串注圣经》等作品传播。时代论的神学由一个独特的末世观组成，所有的时代论者坚持千禧年前论，大部分坚持信徒灾前被提。时代论者认为以色列国家不同于教会，神还没有实现祂对以色列民族的应许。这些应许包括应许的土地，世界的未来将有千年王国、第三圣殿，在那里基督再临，由耶路撒冷统治全世界一千年。在神学其他领域，时代论者坚持福音派和基要派光谱内的立场。

Dispensationalism is a religious futurist interpretive system for the Bible. It considers Biblical history as divided deliberately by God into defined periods or ages to each of which God has allotted distinctive administrative principles. The Bible word “Dispensation” means: “An administration of affairs, a stewardship, a mode of dealing”. Each age of the plan of God is thus administered in a certain way, and humanity is held responsible as a steward during that time. Each dispensation is marked by a cycle. God reveals Himself and His truth to humanity in a new way. Humanity is held responsible to conform to that revelation. Humanity rebels and fails the test. God judges humanity and introduces a new period of probation under a new administration.