Molecular diffusion

（重定向自Diffused）

Diffusion from a microscopic and macroscopic point of view. Initially, there are solute molecules on the left side of a barrier (purple line) and none on the right. The barrier is removed, and the solute diffuses to fill the whole container. Top: A single molecule moves around randomly. Middle: With more molecules, there is a clear trend where the solute fills the container more and more uniformly. Bottom: With an enormous number of solute molecules, all randomness is gone: The solute appears to move smoothly and systematically from high-concentration areas to low-concentration areas, following Fick's laws.

Schematic representation of mixing of two substances by diffusion

Illustration of low entropy (top) and high entropy (bottom)

Molecular diffusion, often simply called diffusion, is the thermal motion of all (liquid or gas) particles at temperatures above absolute zero. The rate of this movement is a function of temperature, viscosity of the fluid and the size (mass) of the particles. Diffusion explains the net flux of molecules from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration. Once the concentrations are equal the molecules continue to move, but since there is no concentration gradient the process of molecular diffusion has ceased and is instead governed by the process of self-diffusion, originating from the random motion of the molecules. The result of diffusion is a gradual mixing of material such that the distribution of molecules is uniform. Since the molecules are still in motion, but an equilibrium has been established, the end result of molecular diffusion is called a "dynamic equilibrium". In a phase with uniform temperature, absent external net forces acting on the particles, the diffusion process will eventually result in complete mixing.

单词	diffused
释义	diffused /di'fju:zd/ 英汉-汉英词典 adj. 散布的，扩散的；普及的 v. 使分散；散布，传播（diffuse的过去分词）词组 \| 习惯用语 diffused light 漫射光原声例句当月 CNN 10 学生英语 2021年1月合集 Outdoors there is very good air circulation that will quickly diffuse the virus particles. 室外的空气流通很好，病毒粒子会迅速扩散。学习充电站 At this point the tension must fall or be diffused. 到这时，张力必须落下或扩散。 CRI在线 2023年3月合集 Rescue operations continue in Malawi after Cyclone Freddy diffused, leaving hundreds dead and tens of thousands displaced. 飓风弗雷迪扩散，造成数百人死亡，数万人流离失所，马拉维的救援行动仍在继续。演员对谈（双语精选） It's diffused a little bit. It's not squarely on you. - Yeah. Yeah. 压力扩散了一点。它不完全在你身上。- 是的。是的。双语版 TED-Ed 演讲精选 And their diffuse layout necessitated car travel. 而其扩散的布局令汽车变成必需品。科学学习法 We have focused and diffused thinking. 我们的思维分为集中的和发散的。《卫报》（文章版） Rather than diffusing controversy and polarisation, it seems as if statistics are actually stoking them. 统计数据似乎并没有分散争议和两极分化，反而加剧了它们。奇思妙想物语 At this point, the tension must fall or be diffused we refer to this as the falling action. 到这时，张力必须下降或被扩散，我们称之为故事收尾。 PBS趣味科普 Fire and firefighters both spread, or diffuse, throughout the forest. 火和消防队员都在整个森林中蔓延或扩散。美国历史频道纪录片《宇宙》 That heavy, Venusian cloud cover diffuses most of the direct sunlight. 金星上厚厚的云层扩散了大部分的直射阳光。英语百科 Molecular diffusion （重定向自Diffused） Molecular diffusion, often simply called diffusion, is the thermal motion of all (liquid or gas) particles at temperatures above absolute zero. The rate of this movement is a function of temperature, viscosity of the fluid and the size (mass) of the particles. Diffusion explains the net flux of molecules from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration. Once the concentrations are equal the molecules continue to move, but since there is no concentration gradient the process of molecular diffusion has ceased and is instead governed by the process of self-diffusion, originating from the random motion of the molecules. The result of diffusion is a gradual mixing of material such that the distribution of molecules is uniform. Since the molecules are still in motion, but an equilibrium has been established, the end result of molecular diffusion is called a "dynamic equilibrium". In a phase with uniform temperature, absent external net forces acting on the particles, the diffusion process will eventually result in complete mixing. 近义、反义、联想词近义词 adj. distributed 反义词 n. concentrated 联想词 dispersed被驱散的;absorbed一心一意的;concentrated集中的;illumination照明;uniformly一律地;emitted射出的;scattered分散的;dissipated驱散了的;illuminated照明;light光，光亮;reflected反射的; 英英词典 diffused adj. (of light rays) subjected to scattering by reflection from a rough surface or transmission through a translucent material diffused light (of light) transmitted from a broad light source or reflected synonymous： soft, diffuse
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diffused /di'fju:zd/

Molecular diffusion

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