医疗数字影像传输协定（DICOM，Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine）是一组通用的标准协定，在对于医学影像的处理、保存、打印、传输上。它包含了文件格式的定义及网络通信协定。DICOM是以TCP/IP为基础的应用协定，并以TCP/IP联系各个系统。两个能接受DICOM格式的医疗仪器间，可借由DICOM格式的文件，来接收与交换影像及病人数据。

DICOM可以集成不同厂商的医疗影像仪器、服务器、工作站、打印机和网络设备，使它们都能集成在PACS系统中。许多不同厂商的仪器、服务器、工作站都根据DICOM的标准，来制造支持DICOM机器。DICOM已经广泛地被医院所采用，并且在牙医和一般的诊所中获得小规模的运用。

Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) is a standard for handling, storing, printing, and transmitting information in medical imaging. It includes a file format definition and a network communications protocol. The communication protocol is an application protocol that uses TCP/IP to communicate between systems. DICOM files can be exchanged between two entities that are capable of receiving image and patient data in DICOM format. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) holds the copyright to this standard. It was developed by the DICOM Standards Committee, whose members are also partly members of NEMA.