Aufbau principle

Order in which orbitals are arranged by increasing energy according to the Madelung rule. Each diagonal red arrow corresponds to a different value of n + ℓ.

In the old quantum theory, orbits with low angular momentum (s- and p-orbitals) get closer to the nucleus.

The Aufbau principle states that, hypothetically, electrons orbiting one or more atoms fill the lowest available energy levels before filling higher levels (e.g., 1s before 2s). In this way, the electrons of an atom, molecule, or ion harmonize into the most stable electron configuration possible.

单词	Diagonal rule
释义	Diagonal rule 英语百科 Aufbau principle The Aufbau principle states that, hypothetically, electrons orbiting one or more atoms fill the lowest available energy levels before filling higher levels (e.g., 1s before 2s). In this way, the electrons of an atom, molecule, or ion harmonize into the most stable electron configuration possible.
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Diagonal rule

Aufbau principle