阿旃陀石窟（अजिंठा-वेरूळची लेणी；Ajinṭhā-verūḷacī leṇī）是一个位于印度的佛教石窟群，也是印度最大的石窟遗址。阿旃陀石窟位于马哈拉施特拉邦北部文达雅山的悬崖上，大约建于公元前2世纪至公元后7世纪期间建造。石窟始建时，正值阿育王时代。石窟内的壁画及雕塑被视为是佛教艺术及世界绘画艺术里的经典。

石窟主要由举行佛教仪式的支提（chaitya，塔庙，9，10，19，26，29号窟）与供僧侣修行用的毗诃罗（vihara，精舍、僧房之意）两种类型，共有29座石窟。一号石窟的释迦牟尼雕像正面表现沉思、左面表现微笑、后面表现凝视，其拱门及石柱上雕刻有飞天仙女，大厅墙壁绘有五百罗汉像。

The Ajanta Caves in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra state of India are about 30 rock-cut Buddhist cave monuments which date from the 2nd century BCE to about 480 or 650 CE. The caves include paintings and sculptures described by the government Archaeological Survey of India as "the finest surviving examples of Indian art, particularly painting", which are masterpieces of Buddhist religious art, with figures of the Buddha and depictions of the Jataka tales. The caves were built in two phases starting around the 2nd century BCE, with the second group of caves built around 400–650 CE according to older accounts, or all in a brief period of 460 to 480 according to the recent proposals of Walter M. Spink. The site is a protected monument in the care of the Archaeological Survey of India, and since 1983, the Ajanta Caves have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site.