All right, as a quick recap, dental caries lesions are the end result of the dental caries disease process.

得！快速回顾一下：龋齿是牙齿龋坏进展的最终结果。

Alcohol can lead to an increase in Gram-positive bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans which can lead to dental caries.

饮酒会导致变异链球菌等革兰氏阳性菌的数量增多，从而引发龋齿。

Symptoms of dental caries include tooth pain and sensitivity, especially when chewing or drinking something that's cold or hot, or sweet.

龋齿的症状包括疼痛和敏感，尤其在咀嚼或饮用冰、热、甜的东西时。

These changes may increase pathogenic organisms or their activity causing a series of oral infectious diseases such as dental caries or periodontal diseases.

这些改变可能会增加致病微生物的数量或提高其活性，从而导致诸如龋齿、牙周疾病等一系列口腔感染性疾病。

So, when it comes to dental caries, there's a tug-of-war between the pathogenic factors that promote demineralization of the tooth and protective factors that promote remineralization of the tooth.

所以龋齿的形成过程中，加快牙齿软化的致病因素与加快牙齿再矿化的保护因素，像是在进行一场拔河比赛。

So a sugar-rich diet and frequent snacks can lead to dental caries while a diet with increased fibers foods and diary products help maintain a healthy balance in the oral microbiota.

高糖饮食和经常吃零食，会导致龋齿；而富含高膳食纤维和奶制品的饮食，有助于维持口腔微生物群的健康平衡。

Dental caries lesions typically form in an environment where there are lots of sugars in the mouth and a pH below 5.5 for enamel and below 6.2 to 6.8 for cementum and dentin.

龋齿一般发生在口腔中多糖、牙釉质pH低于5.5、牙骨质和牙本质pH处于6.2到6。8的情况下。

This alteration can disrupt the bacterial equilibrium in the oral cavity by increasing harmful bacteria and decreasing the beneficial ones, thus leading to a series of oral infectious diseases such as dental caries, or periodontal diseases.

这种改变会增加有害菌、减少有益菌，从而破坏口腔中的细菌平衡，导致龋齿、牙周疾病等一系列口腔感染性疾病的发生。

So, treatment of dental caries disease depends on the level of risk, more specifically, reducing the pathogenic risk factors like antibacterial rinses to get rid of bacteria and increasing protective factors like products that mimic saliva.

所以龋齿的治疗是由风险的高低决定的，包括减少致病因子，例如用抗菌剂冲洗以去除细菌，增加防护因子，例如使用唾液类似物。