在数学中，连续型随机变量的概率密度函数（在不至于混淆时可以简称为密度函数）是一个描述这个随机变量的输出值，在某个确定的取值点附近的可能性的函数。而随机变量的取值落在某个区域之内的概率则为概率密度函数在这个区域上的积分。当概率密度函数存在的时候，累积分布函数是概率密度函数的积分。概率密度函数一般以大写“PDF”（Probability Density Function）标记。

概率密度函数有时也被称为概率分布函数，但这种称法可能会和累积分布函数或概率质量函数混淆。

In probability theory, a probability density function (PDF), or density of a continuous random variable, is a function that describes the relative likelihood for this random variable to take on a given value. The probability of the random variable falling within a particular range of values is given by the integral of this variable’s density over that range—that is, it is given by the area under the density function but above the horizontal axis and between the lowest and greatest values of the range. The probability density function is nonnegative everywhere, and its integral over the entire space is equal to one.