非洲攀鼠属（Dendromus），哺乳纲、囓齿目、马岛鼠科的一属，而与非洲攀鼠属（中黑攀鼠）同科的动物尚有树攀鼠属（树攀鼠）、刚果攀鼠属（刚果攀鼠）、南非囊鼠属（南非囊鼠）等之数种哺乳动物。

Mice in the genus Dendromus are commonly referred to as African climbing mice or tree mice, although these terms are often used to describe all members of the subfamily Dendromurinae. The genus is currently restricted to sub-Saharan Africa, but fossils classified in the genus have been found from Late Miocene deposits in Arabia and Europe.