十二月党人起义 （Восстание декабристов）是一场在1825年12月26日（儒略历12月14日）发生，由俄国军官率领3,000士兵针对帝俄政府的起义。由于这场革命发生于12月，因此有关的起义者都被称为「十二月党人」（Декабристы），而这次革命发生在圣彼得堡的元老院广场。在1925年，苏俄为了纪念这场革命发生一百周年，元老院广场改名为「十二月党人广场」（Площадь Декабристов）。

The Decembrist revolt or the Decembrist uprising (Russian:Восстание декабристов, transliteration: Vosstanie dekabristov) took place in Imperial Russia on 26 December [O.S. 14 December] 1825. Russian army officers led about 3,000 soldiers in a protest against Nicholas I's assumption of the throne after his elder brother Constantine removed himself from the line of succession. Because these events occurred in December, the rebels were called the Decembrists (Dekabristy, Russian:Декабристы). This uprising, which was suppressed by Nicholas I, took place in Peter's Square in Saint Petersburg. In 1925, to mark the centenary of the event, the square was renamed as Decembrist Square, but in 2008 the name was changed to Senate Square.