国防高等研究计划署（英语：Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency，缩写：DARPA），是美国国防部属下的一个行政机构，负责研发用于军事用途的高新科技，成立于1958年，当时名为高等研究计划署（Advanced Research Projects Agency，缩写：ARPA），于1972年3月改名为现名，于1993年2月改回原名ARPA，至1996年3月再次改名为现名。其总部位于维吉尼亚州阿灵顿县。

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the U.S. Department of Defense responsible for the development of emerging technologies for use by the military.

DARPA was created in February 1958 as the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) by President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Its purpose was to formulate and execute research and development projects to expand the frontiers of technology and science, with the aim to reach beyond immediate military requirements. The administration was created in response to the Soviet launching of Sputnik 1 in 1957, and DARPA's mission was to ensure U.S. military technology would be more sophisticated than that of the nation's potential enemies.