在计算机工程领域，乱序执行（错序执行，英语：out-of-order execution，简称OoOE或OOE）是一种应用在高性能微处理器中来利用指令周期以避免特定类型的延迟消耗的范式。在这种范式中，处理器在一个由输入数据可用性所决定的顺序中执行指令，而不是由进程的原始数据所决定。在这种方式下，可以避免因为获取下一条进程指令所引起的处理器等待，取而代之的处理下一条可以立即执行的指令。

In computer engineering, out-of-order execution (or more formally dynamic execution) is a paradigm used in most high-performance microprocessors to make use of instruction cycles that would otherwise be wasted by a certain type of costly delay. In this paradigm, a processor executes instructions in an order governed by the availability of input data, rather than by their original order in a program. In doing so, the processor can avoid being idle while waiting for the preceding instruction to complete to retrieve data for the next instruction in a program, processing instead the next instructions which are able to run immediately and independently. It can be viewed as a hardware based dynamic recompilation or just-in-time compilation (JIT) to improve instruction sche****ng.