十诫（希伯来语：עשרת הדיברות‎），根据《圣经》记载，是上帝耶和华借由以色列的先知和首领摩西向以色列民族颁布的律法中的首要的十条规定，这大概是公元前1500年的事情。以十诫为代表的摩西律法是犹太人的生活和信仰的准则，也是最初的法律条文。在基督教中也有很重要的地位。

《圣经》记载，那时候，上帝在西奈山上单独见摩西，颁布十诫和律法，亲自将十诫用指头写在石板上，摩西下山后看到以色列人离弃上帝，竟然在崇拜一只金牛犊，愤然将石板摔碎。后来上帝又再一次颁布十诫，写在石板上，被放在约柜里，存放在敬拜上帝的会幕的至圣所中，所罗门在耶路撒冷建成圣殿以后，就放在圣殿的内殿。后来石板失传，可能是在公元前五世纪巴比伦王尼布甲尼撒焚毁第一圣殿时被毁。

The Ten Commandments, also known as the Decalogue, are a set of commandments which the Bible describes as having been given to the Israelites by God at biblical Mount Sinai. The Ten Commandments are listed twice in the Hebrew Bible, first at Exodus 20:1–17, and then at Deuteronomy 5:4–21. Both versions state that God inscribed them on two stone tablets, which he gave to Moses. In the New Testament, the Ten Commandments are clearly attributed to Moses (Mark 7:10, see also John 7:19).