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单词 Damma
释义

Damma

英语百科

Arabic diacritics

（重定向自Damma）
7th-century kufic script without either ḥarakāt or i‘jām.
Evolution of early Arabic calligraphy (9th – 11th century). The Basmala was taken as an example, from kufic Qur’ān manuscripts. (1) Early 9th century, script with no dots or diacritic marks (see image of early Basmala Kufic); (2) and (3) 9th–10th century under Abbasid dynasty, Abu al-Aswad’s system established red dots with each arrangement or position indicating a different short vowel; later, a second black-dot system was used to differentiate between letters like fā’ and qāf (see image of middle Kufic); (4) 11th century, in al-Farāhídi’s system (system we know today) dots were changed into shapes resembling the letters to transcribe the corresponding long vowels (see image of modern Kufic in Qur'an).
  • Online Arabic Diacritic Tool by Multillect
  • Write arabic with this arabic keyboard
  • Interactive lesson for learning Arabic short vowels
  • Free Comprehensive Reference of Arabic Grammar
  • Basic Introduction To Arabic Short Vowels
  • Vocalised Arabic (and other) texts online (for children)
  • Fully vocalised, transliterated and translated online Qur'ān with audio
  • Sakhr Multilingual Dictionary (uses Harakat)
  • web-based Arabic Notepad that supports full vowelization (tashkiil)
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更新时间：2025/11/12 3:58:40