网站首页  英汉词典

请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 cyclol
释义

cyclol

英汉-汉英词典
环醇
词组 | 习惯用语
您要查找的是不是:
  • cycle n. 循环;周期;整套;自行车;一段时间 vt. 使循环;使轮转
  • cyclone n. 气旋;旋风;飓风
  • cyclic adj. 环的;循环的;周期的
  • cyclonic adj. 气旋的;飓风的
  • cycloid adj. 圆形的;循环性格的 n. 摆线;轮转线
中文百科

环醇假说

图 1: 在经典Cyclol反应中,两个多肽由一个N-C键相连,将羰基氧转换成羟基。虽然该反应发生在几个环状肽之间,但是这是不稳定的自由能,主要是因为它消除了肽键的共振稳定作用。这种反应是多萝西·林奇关于蛋白质的Cyclol假设的基础。
图 2: 由多萝西·林奇提出的丙氨酸Cyclol-6分子是一个由三个肽键通过Cyclol反应稠合的环状六肽。三个环外(未稠合)肽基并不是在同一平面上,但有有一个角度为60°的二面角。在中央环状结构三个红色原子代表的羟基是由Cyclol反应交联而成的,然而环外的三个红色原子代表羟基中的氧原子。环内的环内的氧原子之间的距离只有2.45 Å,这对于氢键原子来说也是极其紧密的。该假设分子并没有在自然环境中被发现过。
图 3: 丙氨酸氨基环醇的线性结构是多萝西·林奇提出的。Cyclol结构在概念上和β折叠相类似,不过更加均匀,侧链更加致密。这种结构在这种流变性结构中具有较大“空隙”,在这种结构中,三个Cβ原子(绿色)和三个Hα原子(白色)聚集在一个(相对)空旷的区域。该结构的支链不是相对称的;所有的Cβ原子都出现在同一侧,在这里是在“上方”。代表羟基(不是羟基化合物)的红色原子,出现在(一组三个)Cyclol结构的两侧;蓝色原子代表氮原子。该假设的结构并没有在自然环境中被发现。
图 4: Cyclol C1 的线性模型是由多萝西·林奇提出的。该分子是四平面Cyclol结构组成的截顶四面体,每个角周围一个空白(48个基团),4个基团两两组合在一起。因此,这种分子总共具有72个氨基酸基团。它被认为是“向上的面”,即寻找一个Cyclol空隙。侧链的所有空间位点在内部好像一个“笼状”结构。这种假设结构在自然界中还没有被观察到。

环醇假说(cyclol hypothesis),为第一个折叠的球状蛋白质结构模型概念 ,这是多萝西·林奇在20世纪30年代基于三个假设提出的。首先,该假设假设两个肽键由Cyclol反应交联而成(图1),这些交联键是共价的肽的同系物之间的氢键,而非“共价键”。这些反应已被发现存在于麦角肽和其他化合物中。第二,该假设提出在某些条件下,氨基酸会自然地在最大数量上进行Cyclol交联反应,生成Cyclol分子(图2)和Cyclol结构(图3)。这些Cyclol分子和Cyclol结构从来没有被观察到。最后,该假设认为球状蛋白质的三级结构对应的正多面体和半规则的多面体形成的Cyclol结构是没有自由边缘的。这种“封闭式的Cyclol”分子也没有被观察到。

英语百科

Cyclol 环醇假说

Figure 1: In the classic cyclol reaction, two peptide groups are linked by a N-C' bond, converting the carbonyl oxygen into a hydroxyl group.  Although this reaction occurs in a few cyclic peptides, it is disfavored by free energy, mainly because it eliminates the resonance stabilization of the peptide bond.  This reaction was the basis of Dorothy Wrinch's cyclol model of proteins.
Figure 2: The alanine cyclol-6 molecule proposed by Dorothy Wrinch is a cyclic hexapeptide in which three peptide groups are fused by cyclol reactions into a central ring.  The three outer (unfused) peptide groups are not planar, but have dihedral angle ω=60°.  The three red atoms in the central ring represent the hydroxyl groups formed by the cyclol reactions, whereas the three outer red atoms represent the oxygens of carbonyl groups.  The inner oxygen atoms are separated by only 2.45 Å, which is extremely close even for hydrogen-bonded atoms.  This hypothetical molecule has not been observed in nature.
Figure 3: Stick model of the alanine cyclol fabric proposed by Dorothy Wrinch.  The cyclol fabric is conceptually similar to a beta sheet, but more uniform and laterally denser.  The fabric has large
Figure 4: Stick model of the cyclol C1 protein structure proposed by Dorothy Wrinch.  The molecule is a truncated tetrahedron composed of four planar cyclol fabrics, each surrounding one lacuna (48 residues), and joined together pairwise by four residues along each edge (two residues at each corner).  Thus, this molecule has 72 amino-acid residues altogether.   It is viewed here

The cyclol hypothesis is the first structural model of a folded, globular protein. It was developed by Dorothy Wrinch in the late 1930s, and was based on three assumptions. Firstly, the hypothesis assumes that two peptide groups can be crosslinked by a cyclol reaction (Figure 1); these crosslinks are covalent analogs of non-covalent hydrogen bonds between peptide groups. These reactions have been observed in the ergopeptides and other compounds. Secondly, it assumes that, under some conditions, amino acids will naturally make the maximum possible number of cyclol crosslinks, resulting in cyclol molecules (Figure 2) and cyclol fabrics (Figure 3). These cyclol molecules and fabrics have never been observed. Finally, the hypothesis assumes that globular proteins have a tertiary structure corresponding to Platonic solids and semiregular polyhedra formed of cyclol fabrics with no free edges. Such "closed cyclol" molecules have not been observed either.

随便看

 

英汉网英语在线翻译词典收录了3779314条英语词汇在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用英语词汇的中英文双语翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2024 encnc.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2025/6/18 23:53:33