经常收支（即“经常项目”），和资本与金融收支相对，指在国际收支平衡表中贸易和服务而产生的资金流动。所以这一部分被看成是一种更加合理的资金流动。

国际收支中的经常账户是指贸易收支的总和（商品和服务的出口减去进口），加上生产要素收入（例如利息和股息），然后加上转移支付（例如外国援助）。经常项目顺差（盈余）增加了一个国家相应金额的外国资本净额；经常项目逆差（赤字）则恰好相反。

贸易收支是经常账户下典型的最重要的部分。也就是说贸易状况的变化是经常账户的主要影响因素。然而，对于那些少数的拥有大量海外资产和负债的国家，生产要素支付净额可能作用显着。

In economics, a country's current account is one of the two components of its balance of payments, the other being the capital account (sometimes called the financial account). The current account consists of the balance of trade, net primary income or factor income (earnings on foreign investments minus payments made to foreign investors) and net cash transfers, that have taken place over a given period of time. The current account balance is one of two major measures of a country's foreign trade (the other being the net capital outflow). A current account surplus indicates that the value of a country's net foreign assets (i.e. assets less liabilities) grew over the period in question, and a current account deficit indicates that it shrank. Both government and private payments are included in the calculation. It is called the current account because goods and services are generally consumed in the current period.