文化区（Cultural area）是指文化较接近的地区。此概念与另一个类似的概念「文化圈」（德文：Kulturkreis）的意思并不尽相同，后者现时在日本非常流行。

「文化区」与「文化圈」，两者都是与文化相关的地域名词，两者同样是在第二次世界大战之前提出的，意思亦有少许类似，但并不尽相同。

首先，「文化区」是由美国的Clark Wissler和阿弗烈·克鲁伯，两位人类学家提出的文化人类学概念；「文化圈」则是由德国的Fritz Graebner和奥地利的Wilhelm Schmidt，两位民族学家提出的。

In anthropology and geography, a cultural region, cultural sphere, cultural area or culture area refers to a geographical area with one relatively homogeneous human activity or complex of activities (culture). These are often associated with an ethnolinguistic group and the territory it inhabits. Specific cultures often do not limit their geographic coverage to the borders of a nation state, or to smaller subdivisions of a state. Cultural "spheres of influence" may also overlap or form concentric structures of macrocultures encompassing smaller local cultures. Different boundaries may also be drawn depending on the particular aspect of interest, such as religion and folklore vs. dress and architecture vs. language.