晶状体，又称晶珠，是眼球的主要屈光结构，也是唯一有调节能力的屈光间质；为一个双凸形扁圆体，包以透明被囊。

晶状体在角膜与虹膜之后、玻璃体与视网膜之前，其周缘部被晶状体悬器（睫状小带）系于周围的睫状体，以固定其位置；晶状体悬器的紧张度受到睫状肌的调节：悬器放松、被囊舒张，晶状体凸度增加，悬器和被囊紧张则晶状体凸度减小。

睫状肌则由动眼神经调节，其调节能力随着年龄的增长而逐渐降低，因而对远近物体的调节力降低，形成老花现象。在假性近视中，睫状肌常常过度收缩（痉挛），导致晶状体过凸，远处物体的像形成于视网膜之前，无法看清。

The crystalline lens is a transparent, biconvex structure in the eye that, along with the cornea, helps to refract light to be focused on the retina. The lens, by changing shape, functions to change the focal distance of the eye so that it can focus on objects at various distances, thus allowing a sharp real image of the object of interest to be formed on the retina. This adjustment of the lens is known as accommodation (see also below). Accommodation is similar to the focusing of a photographic camera via movement of its lenses. The lens is more flat on its anterior side than on its posterior side.