批判法律研究（Critical legal studies），又译为批判法学派 ，是20世纪70年代兴起的一支激进的法学流派。

批判法律研究的思想起源可以追溯到美国法律现实主义，而作为一支独立的学术运动，该学派出现于20世纪70年代末。第一波批判法律研究的学者都受到了20世纪60年代末美国激进的民权运动和反战运动的影响。其代表人物有马克·图施奈等。

批判法律研究作为一场运动，其全盛期是在20世纪80年代前期的美国，而在80年代末之前，该学派的影响迅速衰微。批判法律研究影响在欧洲的影响，并不如在美国的那样大。

Critical legal studies is a movement in legal theory and a network of leftist legal scholars that emerged in the 1970s in the United States. Considered "the first movement in legal theory and legal scholarship in the United States to have espoused a committed Left political stance and perspective," critical legal studies was committed to shaping society based on a vision of human personality devoid of the hidden interests and class domination that CLS scholars argued are at the root of liberal legal institutions in the West. According to CLS scholars Duncan Kennedy and Karl Klare, critical legal studies was "concerned with the relationship of legal scholarship and practice to the struggle to create a more humane, egalitarian, and democratic society." During its period of peak influence, the critical legal studies movement caused considerable controversy within the legal academy. The more constructive members, such as Roberto Mangabeira Unger, sought to rebuild these institutions as an expression of human coexistence and not just a provisional truce in a brutal struggle and were seen as the most powerful voices and the only way forward for the movement. Unger is one of the last standing members of the movement to continue to try to develop it in new directions—namely, to make legal analysis the basis of developing institutional alternatives.