压缩感知（Compressed sensing），也被称为压缩采样（Compressive sampling）或稀疏采样（Sparse sampling），是一种寻找欠定线性系统的稀疏解的技术。压缩感知被应用于电子工程尤其是信号处理中，用于获取和重构稀疏或可压缩的信号。这个方法用到信号稀疏的特性，得以从相对较少的测量值还原出原来整个欲得知的信号。MRI就是一个可能使用此方法的应用。这一方法至少已经存在了四十年，由于David Donoho、Emmanuel Candès和陶哲轩的工作，最近这个领域有了长足的发展。

Compressed sensing (also known as compressive sensing, compressive sampling, or sparse sampling) is a signal processing technique for efficiently acquiring and reconstructing a signal, by finding solutions to underdetermined linear systems. This is based on the principle that, through optimization, the sparsity of a signal can be exploited to recover it from far fewer samples than required by the Shannon-Nyquist sampling theorem. There are two conditions under which recovery is possible. The first one is sparsity which requires the signal to be sparse in some domain. The second one is incoherence which is applied through the isometric property which is sufficient for sparse signals.