Incidentally, since they share a common parent, the words nation, nature  and pregnancy are all cognates of cognate.

顺便说一句， 因为他们有共同的父母，国家、自然和怀孕这三个词都是同源的同源词。

Thus the varieties or modified descendants of the common parent (A), will generally go on increasing in number and diverging in character.

因此，共同亲本 (A) 的变种或变异后代通常会在数量上不断增加， 在特性上不断分化。

Many such bills, including Tennessee's, share a common parent: a “Model Academic Freedom Statute on Evolution” written and posted by the Discovery Institute, a conservative think-tank that has long advocated intelligent design.

这些法案中的大部分，包括田纳西州的，都有一个共同起源：由探索研究所撰写并发布的《关于进化论的学术自由法规范》。探索研究所这个立场保守的智囊长久以来都是宣扬智慧设计论的。

So, I am related to my wife's sister not by blood, we don't have any common parents or grandparents, but I am related to her by marriage because she is my sister-in-law, she is my wife's sister.

所以，我和我老婆的姐姐没有血缘关系，我们没有共同的父母或祖父母， 但我和她有姻亲关系， 因为她是我的嫂子，她是我老婆的姐姐。

Species inheriting nearly the same constitution from a common parent, and exposed to similar influences, naturally tend to present analogous variations, or these same species may occasionally revert to some of the characters of their ancient progenitors.

从同一亲本继承几乎相同体质的物种，并受到类似的影响，自然倾向于呈现类似的变化，或者这些相同的物种可能偶尔会恢复到其古代祖先的某些特征。

I presume that no one will doubt that all such analogous variations are due to the several races of the pigeon having inherited from a common parent the same constitution and tendency to variation, when acted on by similar unknown influences.

我想没有人会怀疑所有这些类似的变异都是由于鸽子的几个种族从一个共同的父母那里继承了相同的体质和变异倾向，当受到类似的未知影响时。