无花果（学名：Ficus carica）属雌花两性花异株的(即是在同一种植物中，某些植株长有雌性和雄性两种花，而有些只有雌性花)，隶属于桑科榕属，主要生长于热带和温带，是亚热带落叶小乔木（绞杀植物）。无花果目前已知有八百个品种，绝大部分都是常绿品种，只有长于温带地方的才是落叶品种。果实呈球根状，无花果尾部有一个小孔，花则生长于果内，在近小孔处长有雄花，远离小孔的顶部长有雌花，另外生有不育花（瘿花），花粉由榕果小蜂传播。

无花果原产于中东和西亚地区，栽培历史已超过五千多年。因外观见果不见花而得名，另有映日果、优昙钵、阿驵、底珍树、蜜果和阿驵（《酉阳杂俎》、译自波斯语：anjir）等别名。

Ficus carica is an Asian species of flowering plants in the mulberry family, known as the common fig (or just the fig). It is the source of the fruit also called the fig, and as such is an important crop in those areas where it is grown commercially. Native to the Middle East and western Asia, it has been sought out and cultivated since ancient times, and is now widely grown throughout the temperate world, both for its fruit and as an ornamental plant. The species has become naturalized in scattered locations in Asia and North America.