拉尔夫·大卫·阿伯内西（Ralph David Abernathy, Sr.，1926年3月11日－1990年4月17日）是非裔美国人民权运动中的一位领袖、马丁·路德·金的挚友。1955年与金一起发动了联合抵制蒙哥马利公车运动，1957年成立南部基督教领袖联盟（SCLC）。在金遭到刺杀之后，他成为了SCLC的主席。1968年领导了穷人运动。在死前一年完成了一部关于他自己和金的传记，此传记因为记述了金婚后的外遇行为而引发了激烈争议。

Ralph David Abernathy, Sr. (March 11, 1926 – April 17, 1990) was a leader of the Civil Rights Movement, a minister, and Martin Luther King Jr.'s closest friend. In 1955, he collaborated with King to create the Montgomery Improvement Association, which would lead to the Montgomery Bus Boycott. In 1957, Abernathy co-founded, and was an executive board member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). Following the assassination of King, Abernathy became president of the SCLC. As president of the SCLC, he led the Poor People's Campaign in Washington, D.C. during 1968. Abernathy also served as an advisory committee member of the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE). He later returned to the ministry, and in **** — the year before his death — Abernathy wrote, And the Walls Came Tumbling Down: An Autobiography, a controversial autobiography about his and King's involvement in the civil rights movement.