梭菌属（Clostridium），菌体呈梭状，又称梭状芽孢杆菌属或厌氧芽孢杆菌属，芽孢常比菌体大，是一类能产生内生孢子的厌气性革兰氏阳性菌。

梭菌属广泛分布于自然界，以土壤中最多，芽孢圆形或椭圆形。除了产气荚膜梭菌无鞭毛外，大多有鞭毛。大部份的梭菌属可以水解糖、蛋白质，又可产生外毒素。

Clostridium is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria, which includes several significant human pathogens, most notably the causative agent of botulism. They are obligate anaerobes capable of producing endospores. The normal, reproducing cells of Clostridium, called the vegetative form, are rod-shaped, which gives them their name, from the Greek κλωστήρ or spindle. Clostridium endospores have a distinct bowling pin or bottle shape, distinguishing them from other bacterial endospores, which are usually ovoid in shape. Clostridium species inhabit soils and the intestinal tract of animals, including humans. Clostridium is a normal inhabitant of the healthy lower reproductive tract of women.