小键琴，又称击弦键琴、翼琴，是曾经盛行于欧洲的键盘乐器、击弦乐器。现代钢琴发明以前，与“大键琴”（拨弦键琴）同是欧洲音乐生活中普遍使用的键盘类乐器。

击弦键琴的外形是一个带有键盘的长方形盒子，内部将一组琴弦用琴马横拉于共鸣箱上，琴身的左下侧装有一套键盘，键盘通过一组机械装置连接一组装有金属头的键子。按动琴键，键子抬起击打琴弦发出声音。

击弦键琴的音色甜美优雅，富有韵味，可以对演奏者的力度变化作出小幅度的反应。

击弦键琴的缺点是音量太小，因为机械结构的限制，演奏快速和节奏复杂的乐句会有困难，适合在家庭和小型演奏会上使用。

The clavichord is a European stringed keyboard instrument known from the late Medieval, through the Renaissance, Baroque and Classical eras. Historically, it was mostly used as a practice instrument and as an aid to composition, not being loud enough for larger performances (a problem that was solved when the Clavinet was invented in the mid-20th century). The clavichord produces sound by striking brass or iron strings with small metal blades called tangents. Vibrations are transmitted through the bridge(s) to the soundboard. The name is derived from the Latin word clavis, meaning "key" (associated with more common clavus, meaning "nail, rod, etc.") and chorda (from Greek χορδή) meaning "string, especially of a musical instrument".