1. Dynein also helps force apart chromosomes during cell division.
   以及在细胞分裂中，提供了机械能协助染色体的分离。”
2. Chromosomes also determine the sex of animals.
   染色体也决定动物的性别。
3. The polytene chromosomes found in the salivary gland cells are among the largest chromosomes known today.
   唾液腺细胞中的多线染色体是目前已知的最大染色体之一。
4. These translocation lines were generated from homeologous chromosome pairing, or mis-division and reconstruction of univalent chromosomes.
   染色体易位有的来源于同祖配对交换，有的来源于单价体错分裂或断裂的重建。
5. Lysogeny is a semi-permanent association between the phage and host chromosomes.
   溶源性是噬菌体和寄生染色体之间的半永久联合。
6. The polymorphy of fronds and chromosome number of Ophioglossum petiolatum Hook.
   有梗瓶尔小草叶的多形性和染色体数目.
7. If both of a pair of homologous chromosomes are missing, nullisomy results.
   如果一对同源染色体都缺失了，称为缺体。
8. Y chromosome has two types of polymorphism:metacentric (or submetacentric) and acrocentric chromosomes.
   染色体有中部(或亚中部)和近端着丝粒染色体。
9. In the nucleoplasm chromosomes consisting of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and proteins are present.
   核质中的染色体由脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）和蛋白质构成。
10. In plants this is sometimes overcome by the doubling of the chromosome number, giving an allopolyploid.
    在植物中，这种不育现象有时可因为染色体数目加倍而抵消，产生同源多倍体。
11. Chromomere A small beadlike deeply staining structure seen in chromosomes during prophase of mitosis and meiosis.
    在有丝分裂及减数分裂的前期存在于染色体上的小念珠状的着色深的结构。
12. Another role of siRNA is directing RITS complex to bind with homologue chromosome, and then induces heterochromatinization.
    除了与RISC结合外，siRNA还引导了RITS复合物结合到同源染色质，介导异染色质化过程。
13. There were detestably close synapses between homologous chromosomes during thellateprophase and early metaphase in mitosis of somatic cells.
    发现在其有丝分裂的晚前期、中期阶段，咯对同源染色体都在进行联会。
14. But many primates, including humans, hae a third photopigment, encoded by a second gene on the X chromosome.
    但是多数灵长类包括人类有着三种感光色素，通过在X染色体中的第二种基因编码。
15. In contrast to homoploid hybrid species,polyploid species are easily diagnosed because of chromosome number changes associated with genome doubling.
    与同倍杂合体物种相比，因为与基因组加倍相关的染色体数目的变化,多倍杂合体物种很容易判断。
16. At this point esch chromosome consist of a pair of chromatids and the two associated chromosomes are termed a tetrad.
    此时每条染色体由一对染色单体构成，这两条联合的染色体称为四分体。
17. These results indicated that a nonhistone protein scaffold really existed and distributed as granules and fibres over the whole chromosomes.
    染色体骨架在小麦中是真实存在的，骨架蛋白以颗粒和纤维状的形式分布于整个染色体中。
18. Karyotaxonomy of parasitic wasps will probably develop in the future through further data accumulation and increasing use of chromosome banding methods.
    通过核型数据的进一步积累和染色体显带方法的进一步应用，寄生蜂的核型分类学将得到进一步的发展。
19. Karyogram (idiogram) The formalized layout of the KARYOTYPE of a species, often with the chromosomes arranged in a certain numerical sequence.
    一个种染色体组的固定排列。
20. Polysomy, which includes trisomy, is the condition in which one or more chromosomes are represented more than twice in the cell.
    多染色体包括三染色体都是一条或多条染色体代替了正常细胞中的两条染色体形成的。

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