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单词 Central nervous system stimulant
释义

Central nervous system stimulant

原声例句
Life Noggin

Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant and as it spreads throughout the body, it boosts production of certain chemicals in the brain, making Craig more alert and energized.

咖啡因是一种中枢神经系统兴奋剂, 当它扩散到全身时,它会促进大脑中某些化学物质的产生, 使克雷格更加机敏和充满活力。

英语百科

Stimulant

Ritalin sustained-release (SR) 20 mg tablets
A chart comparing the chemical structures of different amphetamine derivatives


Human biosynthesis pathway for trace amines and catecholamines[19][20]

 
 

L-Phenylalanine
L-Tyrosine
L-Dopa
Epinephrine

Phenethylamine
p-Tyramine
Dopamine
Norepinephrine

N-Methylphenethylamine
N-Methyltyramine
p-Octopamine
Synephrine
3-Methoxytyramine

AADC
AADC
AADC

PNMT
PNMT
PNMT
PNMT

AAAH
AAAH
COMT
DBH
DBH


This is the biosynthesis of catecholamines, including dopamine, as well as phenethylaminergic trace amines from the amino acid phenylalanine. Trace amines are endogenous agonists of TAAR1, the same receptor activated by amphetamine;[14] consequently, all of these trace amines are stimulants. Abbreviations: DBH, dopamine β-hydroxylase; AADC, aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase; AAAH, aromatic amino acid hydroxylase; COMT, catechol O-methyltransferase; PNMT, phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
Roasted coffee beans, a common source of caffeine.

Stimulants (also referred to as psychostimulants) are psychoactive drugs that induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical functions or both. Examples of these kinds of effects may include enhanced alertness, wakefulness, and locomotion, among others. Due to their rendering a characteristic "up" feeling, stimulants are also occasionally referred to as "uppers". Depressants or "downers", which decrease mental and/or physical function, are in stark contrast to stimulants and are considered to be the functionally opposite drug class. Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines and without prescription both as legal substances and illicit substances of recreational use or abuse.

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更新时间:2025/6/22 4:07:55