细胞区室（英语：cellular compartment，亦称为细胞腔隙）是细胞生物学中使用的名词，包括所有真核细胞的细胞质中封闭的部分，它们多被单层或双层的磷脂所包围。绝大多数的细胞器均被视为是细胞区室，例如：线粒体、叶绿体（光合生物）、过氧化物酶体、溶酶体、内质网、细胞核及高尔基体。更小的元素，如囊泡，和有时甚至是微管等也计算在内。

一般认为细胞区室化并不存在于原核生物的细胞内，但随着诸如羧酶体（carboxysome）及对细菌的微区室（bacterial microcompartment）的研究显示原核生物也有能力去对细胞器进行区室化。

Cellular compartments in cell biology comprise all of the closed parts within the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell, usually surrounded by a single or double lipid layer membrane. These compartments are often, but not always, defined as membrane enclosed regions. The formation of cellular compartments is called compartmentalization.