Now the final type of lymphoid cell is the T cell and it's in charge of cell mediated immunity.

最后一种淋巴细胞就是T细胞啦，它负责细胞介导免疫。

For a vaccine to work, it needs to teach the immune system's T cells to recognize cancer as dangerous, said Dr. Nora Disis.

诺拉·迪西斯博士说，疫苗要发挥作用，需要教会免疫系统的T细胞识别癌症是危险的。

So what we did was to make CAR T cells.

所以我们所做的就是制造CAR-T细胞。

Researchers can sequence the T cells that have infiltrated a tumour.

研究人员可以对已浸润肿瘤的 T 细胞进行测序。

They act like supercharged killer T cells on steroids.

它们的作用就像类固醇上的增压杀伤性T细胞。

The virus also inserts genetic information to activate the T cells and program them into their killing mode.

该病毒还插入遗传信息以激活T细胞并将其编程为杀伤模式。

Our vaccine. instead, also stimulates another important branch of the immune system, the one that stimulates killer T cells that are able to recognize infected cells.

我们的疫苗还能激活免疫系统的另一重要部分，能激活能识别出感染细胞的杀伤性t细胞。

It can get picked up by a dendritic cell which is a type of immune cell that gobbles up foreign particles and presents it to a nearby lymphocyte called a T cell.

一种叫作树突状细胞的免疫介导细胞将识别和吞噬吸入的花粉，进而传递给邻近的一组淋巴细胞：T细胞。

Then in 1997, we first tested CAR T cells in patients with advanced HIV-AIDS. And we found that those CAR T cells survived in the patients for more than a decade.

然后在1997年，我们首先在晚期HIV/AIDS患者中测试了CAR-T细胞。 我们发现这些CAR-T细胞在患者中存活了十多年。

That's why last summer, when the FDA approved CAR T cells for leukemia, they also co-approved the use of tocilizumab to block the IL-6 effects and the accompanying CRS in these patients.

这就是为什么去年夏天， 当FDA批准CAR-T细胞治疗白血病时，他们还共同批准使用托珠单抗来阻断IL-6效应和伴随的CRS。

So now there are many labs and physicians and scientists around the world who have tested CAR T cells across many different diseases, and understandably, we're all thrilled with the rapid pace of advancement.

所以现在世界上有许多实验室、医生和科学家已经在许多不同的疾病中测试了CAR-T细胞，可以理解的是，我们都对快速的进步感到兴奋。