It is the nerve cell which transmit electrical signals to brain.

它是将电信号传递给大脑的神经细胞。

The specialised cells we will look at are red blood cells, nerve cells and white blood cells.

我们要看的特殊细胞是红细胞、神经细胞和白细胞。

Which told us that we weren't  just protecting these nerve cells.

大卫：这告诉我们，我们不仅仅是在保护这些神经细胞。

Part of the food that you've eaten today has gone to operate the nerve cells in your body.

您今天吃的部分食物已经用于控制您体内的神经细胞。

They are spheres a few millimeters across composed of specially grown human nerve cells, which act as simulacra of brain tissue Now.

它们是由特殊生长的人类神经细胞组成的几毫米宽的球体，现在充当脑组织的拟像。

This idea, called reticular theory, imagined the nervous system as a massive web of tissue that physically connected every nerve cell in the body.

这个想法，称为网状理论，将神经系统想象成一个巨大的组织网，物理连接身体中的每个神经细胞。

Heat-sensitive proteins on those nerve endings will respond by changing their shape, allowing sodium and calcium ions to flood into the skin's nerve cells.

这些神经末梢上的热敏蛋白会通过改变它们的形状做出反应，让钠离子和钙离子涌入皮肤的神经细胞。

Instead of calming the nerve cells, caffeine stimulates them causing increases in the heart rate and the blood pressure, increasing alertness and delaying the onset of fatigue.

咖啡因不会使神经细胞平静下来，反而会刺激它们， 导致心率和血压升高， 从而提高警觉性并延缓疲劳的发生。

Days or weeks later, a smell might trigger this same pattern of cells nerve firing in the mouse brain, a recall of the maze memories — just like smelling cinnamon might trigger memories of grandma for you.

几天或几周后某种气味可能会使老鼠大脑中相同的细胞放电，回溯关于迷宫的记忆 —— 就像闻到肉桂味会让你想到你祖母一样。

Norman Swan: Cindy Shannon Weickert. The unanswered question is what comes first; an immune system which damages these nerve cells, or something else makes the cells die and the immune system overreacts?

辛迪·香农·韦克特，未回答的问题是，什么是第一产生的;损害这些神经细胞的免疫系统， 还是让细胞死亡， 免疫系统反应过度？

MS occurs when a patient's immune system attacks their myelin, the fatty tissue that insulates the nerve cells of their brain and spinal cord and which enables those cells to pass on electrical signals.

当患者的免疫系统攻击其髓鞘（一种隔离大脑和脊髓神经细胞并使这些细胞能够传递电信号的脂肪组织）时，就会发生 MS。