豚鼠科（学名：Caviidae）是分布于南美洲的一类啮齿类动物，本科很多种类被驯化为宠物，如豚鼠属的豚鼠（Cavia porcellus），俗称“荷兰猪”或“几内亚猪”。

The cavy family (Caviidae) is a family of rodents native to South America, including the domestic guinea pig, wild cavies, and the capybara, among other animals. They are found across the continent, in open areas from moist savanna to thorn forests or scrub desert. This rodent family has fewer members than most other rodent families, with 18 species in six genera.