They learn new causal relationships from just a few examples.

能通过几个例子 就掌握新的因果关系。

In conclusion, we can see that there is no causal relationship between China’s grand history and its future.

总结，中国伟大的辉煌史与未来没有关系。

The logic seems plausible, but is there any causal relationship between historical grandeur and China’s future greatness?

逻辑看起来很合理，但是，曾经强大的中国与未来的强盛有直接的关系吗？

Whether anyone actually believes in a causal relationship between eating these foods and receiving the promised benefits is unclear.

是否真的有人相信吃这些食物和获得许诺的好处之间存在因果关系并不清楚。

Studies on families and on separated twins have shown a clear causal hereditary relationship to weight gain.

对家庭和分居双胞胎的研究表明，体重增加与遗传有明显的因果关系。

There is no mechanism that automatically creates a causal relationship between you now defecting against Roko's basilisk or serving Roko's basilisk.

没有任何机制可以自动在你现在背叛洛科蛇怪或服务洛科蛇怪之间建立因果关系。

Or, there could be a causal relationship that's the opposite of what you think— the fever causes the inflammation, rather than the inflammation causing the fever.

或者，可能存在与您所想相反的因果关系——发烧导致炎症，而不是炎症导致发烧。

As is usually the case in studies of this sort, the sample size was small (and therefore not as robust as might be desirable) and the result showed an association, rather than a definite, causal relationship.

和这类研究的其他情形一样，这次实验的样本容量太小了（因此不足以令人信服），并且研究结果只是种猜想，而不是一种肯定的、有根据的关系。

" It's the first trial that can actually demonstrate that there is a causal relationship between something about ultra-processed foods—independent of those nutrients—that cause people to overeat and gain weight" .

“这是第一个真正可以证明超加工食品与导致人们暴饮暴食和体重增加的因素之间存在因果关系的试验——与那些营养素无关” 。

But as with the association of smoking and lung cancer, when so many studies show the same thing, and when there are mechanisms to explain a causal relationship, it seems capricious to deny that one probably exists.

但是，就像吸烟和肺癌的关联一样，当如此多的研究表明同样的事情， 并且当有机制来解释因果关系时，否认可能存在因果关系似乎是反复无常的。