You'll learn cutting edge mathematics like information theory, Bayesian networks, and causal inference without calculations getting in the way.
你将学习前沿数学，如信息论、贝叶斯网络和因果推理，而无需计算。
英语百科
Causal inference
Causal inference is the process of drawing a conclusion about a causal connection based on the conditions of the occurrence of an effect. The main difference between causal inference and inference of association is that the former analyzes the response of the effect variable when the cause is changed. The science of why things occur is called etiology.