复分析中的柯西-黎曼微分方程是提供了可微函数在开集中为全纯函数的充要条件的两个偏微分方程，以柯西和黎曼得名。这个方程组最初出现在达朗贝尔的著作中。后来欧拉将此方程组和解析函数联系起来。 然后柯西采用这些方程来构建他的函数理论。黎曼关于此函数理论的论文于1851年问世。

在一对实值函数u(x,y)和v(x,y)上的柯西-黎曼方程组包括两个方程：

和

通常，u和v取为一个复函数的实部和虚部：f(x + iy) = u(x,y) + iv(x,y)。假设u和v在开集C上连续可微。则f=u+iv是全纯的，当且仅当u和v的偏微分满足柯西-黎曼方程组(1a)和(1b)。

In the field of complex analysis in mathematics, the Cauchy–Riemann equations, named after Augustin Cauchy and Bernhard Riemann, consist of a system of two partial differential equations which, together with certain continuity and differentiability criteria, form a necessary and sufficient condition for a complex function to be complex differentiable, that is holomorphic. This system of equations first appeared in the work of Jean le Rond d'Alembert (d'Alembert 1752). Later, Leonhard Euler connected this system to the analytic functions (Euler 1797). Cauchy (1814) then used these equations to construct his theory of functions. Riemann's dissertation (Riemann 1851) on the theory of functions appeared in 1851.