This work has led to the creation of proteins with new enzymatic activities, able to catalyze useful chemical reactions.

“这项研究创造出具有新型酶活性的蛋白质，这种蛋白质可以催化有益的化学反应。

The mechanism of exactly how the silica helps catalyze the reaction is not clear yet--but it is very clearly does.

二氧化硅帮助催化反应的确切机理尚不清楚，但很明显确实如此。

Over billions of years of evolution, nature has come up with lots of molecular machines, from whip-like flagella that help cells move, to enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions.

在几十亿年的进化过程中，大自然产生了许多分子机器，从帮助细胞运动的鞭状鞭毛体到催生化学反应的酶。

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes this reaction in the red blood cells, where carbon dioxide and water are converted into bicarbonate and hydrogen ion.

碳酸酐酶在红细胞中催化这种反应，在红细胞中二氧化碳和水被转化成碳酸氢盐和氢离子。

So when the scientists dissolved carbon dioxide in water and used this nanotechnology, all those concentrated electrons, plus the shape of those spikes, helped catalyze a reduction reaction.

因此，当科学家们将二氧化碳溶解在水中并使用这种纳米技术时，所有这些集中的电子， 加上那些尖峰的形状， 都有助于催化还原反应。

In our bodies, these kinds of reactions can’t and don’t take thousands of years to happen, because we have an enzyme called carbonic anhydrase that catalyzes that reaction.

在我们的身体里，这些反应不可能也不会需要几千年的时间才能发生， 因为我们有一种叫做碳酸酐酶的酶可以催化这种反应。