For a start, oestrogen is anabolic, building up muscle, while progesterone is catabolic, breaking it down.

首先，雌激素是合成代谢的，可以增强肌肉，而黄体酮是分解代谢的，可以分解肌肉。

This catabolic state leaves people feeling hungry, also known as polyphagia; " Phagia" means eating, and " Poly" means a lot.

该分解代谢过程会让人感到饥饿，也叫多食Polyphagia；其中Phagia指吃食，而Poly指多。

Scientifically, during a weight loss, catabolic state, you'll need to look for energy sources within your body, since you're not providing enough through eating.

科学地说，减重过程是一种分解代谢，身体会去寻找体内的能量源，因为你没有通过吃而获取足够多的能量。

Going on, say, a 1000 calorie cut, not only sucks, but it sets your body into a nutrient-lacking catabolic state, increasing the likelihood of muscle breakdown.

比方说，减少1000卡的热量，这不仅糟糕而且会使你的身体进入营养不足的代谢阶段，增加了肌肉分解的可能性。

In healthy people, chondrocytes maintain a delicate balance between breaking down old cartilage—called catabolic activity, and producing new cartilage—called anabolic activity, through the use of both degradative enzymes and synthetic enzymes.

在健康的机体内，软骨细胞在分解老化的软骨（分解作用）和产生新的软骨（合成作用）之间通过分解酶和合成酶来保持精细平衡。

Then, when you need new building blocks, or you need to release some energy, those polymers in your body, or new ones in your food, get broken up — by catabolic reactions.

然后，当你需要新的组成部分，或者你需要释放一些能量，你体内的聚合物，或者你食物中的新聚合物，都会被分解——通过分解代谢反应。

But for now, you've learned all about the vital nutrients — including water, vitamins, minerals, carbs, fats, and proteins — as well as how anabolic reactions build structures and require energy, while catabolic reactions tear things apart and release energy.

但是现在，你已经了解了所有重要的营养物质——包括水、维生素、矿物质、碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质——以及合成代谢反应如何构建结构和需要能量，而分解代谢反应将东西分开并释放能量。