特例假设(ad hoc hypothesis)或特设假设使用于科学与哲学领域,指为了防止某理论被反证而强加的假设。此假设仅适用于此理论,其设置是为了使理论之可证伪性降低而不被推翻,或不经修改即能适用理论无法解释的情况。
英语百科
Ad hoc hypothesis 特例假设
In science and philosophy, an ad hoc hypothesis is a hypothesis added to a theory in order to save it from being falsified. Ad hoc hypothesizing is compensating for anomalies not anticipated by the theory in its unmodified form.