1. Cypsela An achenelike fruit that develops from an inferior ovary and contains some tissues not derived form the carpel.
   cypsela连萼瘦果：由下位子房发育来的瘦果状的果实，还包含一些不是来源于心皮的组织。
2. The carpel is homologous with the megasporophylls of certain spore-bearing vascular plants (pteridophytes) and the ovuliferous scales of gymnosperms.
   心皮和能产生孢子的维管植物（羊齿类）还有具胚珠的裸子植物的大孢子叶是同源的。
3. Lomentum (pl. lomenta) A dry dehiscent fruit formed from a single carpel and bearing more than one seed, as in sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia).
   由单心皮组成的含有多个种子的裂果，如红豆草(Onobrychisviciifolia)。
4. A gynoecium with only one carpel is called monocarpellary; with two or more separate carpel, apocarpous; and with fused carpels syncarpous.
   只有一个心皮的雌蕊称单心皮，具两个或更多分离的心皮称离生心皮。
5. A slender prolongation of the receptacle between the carpels as a central axis, as in the fruits of some members of the Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) and the Geraniaceae.
   果瓣柄 Carpophore 花托在两个心皮间的细长延伸，作为中轴，如某些伞形科和牻 牛儿苗科植物的果实。

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