卡尔·马利亚·弗里德里希·恩斯特·冯·韦伯（德语：Carl Maria Friedrich Ernst von Weber，1786年11月18日或19日－1826年6月5日），德国作曲家。

韦伯从小接受良好的音乐薰陶，母亲是一名歌手，父亲是巡回剧团的经理，他随父亲在各地旅行的时候积累了丰富的生活经验并接触到繁多的民间音乐，这成为他后来所创作的民族主义题材歌剧的源泉。10岁时跟随海顿的弟弟米夏埃尔学习作曲，1798年去慕尼黑深造，之后定居维也纳。从1804年开始，先后在布雷斯劳、布拉格和德雷斯顿等地担任指挥。1824年为英国皇家歌剧院写作《奥伯龙》，两年后首演时作曲家亲往伦敦指挥，但经过长途的劳累他的身体情况恶化，于首演两个月后因肺病客死异乡。

Carl Maria Friedrich Ernst von Weber (18 or 19 November 1786 – 5 June 1826) was a German composer, conductor, pianist, guitarist and critic, one of the first significant composers of the Romantic school.

Weber's operas Der Freischütz, Euryanthe and Oberon greatly influenced the development of the Romantische Oper (Romantic opera) in Germany. Der Freischütz came to be regarded as the first German "nationalist" opera, Euryanthe developed the Leitmotif technique to an unprecedented degree, while Oberon may have influenced Mendelssohn's music for A Midsummer Night's Dream and, at the same time, revealed Weber's lifelong interest in the music of non-Western cultures. This interest was first manifested in Weber's incidental music for Schiller's translation of Gozzi's Turandot, for which he used a Chinese melody, making him the first Western composer to use an Asian tune that was not of the pseudo-Turkish kind popularized by Mozart and others.