Additive smoothing

In statistics, additive smoothing, also called Laplace smoothing (not to be confused with Laplacian smoothing), or Lidstone smoothing, is a technique used to smooth categorical data. Given an observation x = (x₁, …, x_d) from a multinomial distribution with N trials and parameter vector θ = (θ₁, …, θ_d), a "smoothed" version of the data gives the estimator:

单词	Additive smoothing
释义	Additive smoothing 英语百科 Additive smoothing In statistics, additive smoothing, also called Laplace smoothing (not to be confused with Laplacian smoothing), or Lidstone smoothing, is a technique used to smooth categorical data. Given an observation x = (x₁, …, x_d) from a multinomial distribution with N trials and parameter vector θ = (θ₁, …, θ_d), a "smoothed" version of the data gives the estimator:
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