卡比托利欧山（拉丁文：Collis Capitolinus，意大利文：Campidoglio）是意大利罗马七座山丘之一，也是最高的一座，为罗马建城之初的重要宗教与政治中心，介于古罗马广场与战神广场（Campus Martius）之间。在古罗马时代，山上曾建有朱庇特神庙、维约维斯（Veiovis）神庙等宗教建筑，档案馆（Tabularium），以及君士坦丁巨像（Statua colossale di Costantino I）。中世纪和文艺复兴时期，在此兴建环绕卡比托利欧广场（米开朗琪罗设计）的宫殿：元老宫（Palazzo Senatorio）、保守宫（Palazzo dei Conservatori）、新宫（Palazzo Nuovo），今天设有卡比托利欧博物馆。现在，古代残存遗址大多为中世纪和文艺复兴时期的宫殿所覆盖，只遗留少数地基废墟。山上还有一座天主教堂天坛圣母堂（Santa Maria in Aracoeli）。

The Capitoline Hill (/ˈkæpᵻtəˌlaɪn, kəˈpɪ-/; Latin:Collis Capitōlīnus [ˈkɔllɪs kapɪtoːˈliːnʊs]; Italian:Campidoglio [kampiˈdɔʎʎo]), between the Forum and the Campus Martius, is one of the Seven Hills of Rome. It was the citadel (equivalent of the ancient Greek acropolis) of the earliest Romans. The name capitol seems to have meant "dominant height", although ancient tradition places its origin in caput ("skull": a specific skull found while laying the Temple of Jupiter foundation). By the 16th century, Capitolinus had become Capitolino in Italian, with the alternative Campidoglio stemming from Capitolium, one of the three major spurs of the Capitolinus (the others being Arx and Tarpeius). The English word capitol derives from Capitoline. The Capitoline contains few ancient ground-level ruins, as they are almost entirely covered up by Medieval and Renaissance palaces (now housing the Capitoline Museums) that surround a piazza, a significant urban plan designed by Michelangelo.