茶树（学名：Camellia sinensis），属山茶科山茶属，为多年生常绿木本植物。为乔木，在热带地区也有乔木型茶树高达15—30米，基部树围1.5米以上。栽培茶树往往通过修剪来抑制纵向生长，所以树高多在0.8—1.2米间。茶树的叶子呈椭圆形，边缘有锯齿，叶间开五瓣白花，果实扁圆，呈三角形，果实开列后露出种子。春、秋季时可采茶树的嫩叶制茶，种子可以榨油，茶树材质细密，其木可用于雕刻。用于提炼精油，是一种强效的抗感染、消炎、杀菌、抗病毒、祛痰、抗霉菌、抗寄生虫剂。对香港脚、支气管充血、头皮屑、昆虫咬伤、酵母菌感染等有帮助。

Camellia sinensis is a species of evergreen shrub or small tree whose leaves and leaf buds are used to produce tea. It is of the genus Camellia (Chinese:茶花; pinyin:Cháhuā, literally: "tea flower") of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. Common names include "tea plant", "tea shrub", and "tea tree" (not to be confused with Melaleuca alternifolia, the source of tea tree oil, or Leptospermum scoparium, the New Zealand teatree).