盖乌斯·尤利乌斯·凯撒·奥古斯都·日耳曼尼库斯（拉丁语：Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus，12年8月31日－41年1月24日），罗马帝国第三任皇帝，后世史学家常称其为卡利古拉（拉丁语：Caligula）。卡利古拉是他自童年起的外号，意为「小军靴」，源于他婴儿时代随其父日耳曼尼库斯屯驻日尔曼前线时士兵为他穿上的儿童款军靴。

卡利古拉被认为是罗马帝国早期的典型暴君。他创建恐怖统治，神化王权，行事荒唐。由于他好大喜功，大肆兴建公共建筑、不断举行各式大型欢宴，帝国的财政急剧恶化。后来他企图以增加各项苛捐赋税来减缓财务危机，引起所有阶层的怨恨。41年，卡利古拉被近卫军大队长卡西乌斯·卡瑞亚刺杀身亡。

Caligula (/kəˈlɪɡjələ/) was the popular nickname of Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (31 August AD 12 – 24 January AD 41), Roman emperor (AD 37–41). Born Gaius Julius Caesar (not to be confused with Julius Caesar), Caligula was a member of the house of rulers conventionally known as the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Caligula's father Germanicus, the nephew and adopted son of Emperor Tiberius, was a very successful general and one of Rome's most beloved public figures. The young Gaius earned the nickname "Caligula" (meaning "little soldier's boot", the diminutive form of caliga, hob-nailed military boot) from his father's soldiers while accompanying him during his campaigns in Germania.