CagA
Helicobacter pylori virulence factor CagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) is a 120–145kDa protein encoded on the 40kb cag pathogenicity island (PAI). H. pylori strains can be divided into CagA positive or negative strains. Around 60% of H. pylori isolates in Western countries are positive, whereas the majority of East Asian isolates are positive.