The two leading causes of acute pancreatitis are alcohol abuse and gallstones.

引起急性胰腺炎的两个主要原因是酒精滥用和胆结石。

Repeated bouts of acute pancreatitis can progress to chronic pancreatitis.

反复发作的急性胰腺炎也可进展为慢性胰腺炎。

While a history of acute pancreatitis might lead to chronic pancreatitis, these diseases have distinct histopathologies.

尽管急性胰腺炎可能导致慢性胰腺炎的发生，但这两种疾病有各自不同的组织病理学特点。

ARDS is the leading cause of death among individuals with acute pancreatitis.

ARDS是急性胰腺炎患者死亡的主要原因。

Acute pancreatitis happens when these enzymes digest the pancreas.

而在这些酶开始消化胰腺时，就会引发急性胰腺炎。

Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis can be made based on clinical findings, lab data, and imaging.

诊断急性胰腺炎，可基于临床表现、实验室数据和成像结果。

Acute pancreatitis is inflammation caused by destruction of the pancreas by its own digestive enzymes —a process called autodigestion, and is generally reversible.

急性胰腺炎是胰腺被自身消化酶损伤所致的炎症，称为“自溶”，病情通常是可逆的。

Trypsinogen might then be turned into activated trypsin which begins the cascade of digestive enzyme activation and autodigestion of the pancreas—which is acute pancreatitis.

于是胰蛋白酶原可能被转化为活化的胰蛋白酶，开启消化酶激活的级联反应，导致胰腺自溶——这就是急性胰腺炎。

Treatment of acute pancreatitis is focused on pain control and making sure that the person's getting adequate fluids and electrolytes.

急性胰腺炎的治疗集中在疼痛控制上，并确保患者获得足够的液体和电解质。

In addition, in certain conditions like alcoholic acute pancreatitis calcium deposits of various sizes can accumulate on the plugs that form in the ducts.

此外，在特定情况下，比如酒精性急性胰腺炎，不同大小的钙沉积物会聚集在导管内形成的栓子上。

Abdominal pain, loss of appetite and a palpable, tender mass which follows a bout of acute pancreatitis are suggestive of a pancreatic pseudocyst.

急性胰腺炎发作后出现的腹痛、食欲不振和可触及的肿块，均提示胰腺假性囊肿。

Other complications of acute pancreatitis include serious internal bleeding or hemorrhage from a damaged blood vessel which can quickly develop into hypovolemic shock.

急性胰腺炎的其它并发症包括严重的内出血，或受损血管出血，可迅速发展成低血容量性休克。

In addition to alcohol abuse, other known causes of acute pancreatitis that frequently turn into chronic pancreatitis include tumors, trauma to the pancreas, and cystic fibrosis.

除了酒精滥用之外，其它已知的常会导致急性胰腺炎转为慢性胰腺炎的因素，包括肿瘤、胰腺外伤和囊性纤维化。

Other inflammatory processes can also be a cause, like acute pancreatitis because free fatty acids end up binding to ionized calcium, which is also insoluble and precipitates out as a soap-like substance.

其它炎症过程也可能引发低钙血症，例如急性胰腺炎，因为游离脂肪酸最终与离子钙结合，形成不溶于水的物质，并以类似肥皂状物质的形式沉淀。

So in acute pancreatitis, there is pancreatic tissue destruction that results from the proteases and inflammatory response of the body, and this can cause tiny blood vessels to become leaky and sometimes rupture.

那么，急性胰腺炎中存在胰腺组织损伤，其由体内蛋白酶和炎症反应引起，会导致微小的血管渗漏，有时甚至会破裂。

Finally, acute pancreatitis can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, or ARDS, which is where massive pancreatic inflammation leads to leaky blood vessels throughout the body, which makes it hard to breath.

最后，急性胰腺炎可导致急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS），即失控的胰腺炎症导致全身血管渗漏，让人呼吸困难。

Even though elevated lipase and amylase levels are suggestive of acute pancreatitis, in chronic pancreatitis there may not be enough healthy pancreatic tissue to make those enzymes, so they may or may not be elevated.

尽管脂肪酶和淀粉酶水平升高提示有急性胰腺炎，但在慢性胰腺炎中因为可能没有足够多健康的胰腺组织产生这两种酶，所以它们不一定升高。

In addition to general symptoms like nausea and vomiting, another distinctive sign of acute pancreatitis is hypocalcemia, particularly when there is a lot of fat necrosis because that process tends to consume calcium.

除了恶心、呕吐等一般症状外，急性胰腺炎的另一个显着标志是低钙血症，特别是当有很多脂肪坏死时，因为这一过程往往会消耗钙。