灰林鸮（学名：Strix aluco）是一种结实及中等身形的猫头鹰，普遍分布在欧亚大陆的林地。下身淡色及有深色的条纹，上身呈褐色或灰色，已知11个亚种中有几种不同的色型。一般会在树孔中筑巢，并会保护鸟蛋及雏鸟。灰林鸮不迁徙，有高度的区域性，雏鸟若离开父母后若不能找到领土就要面对挨饿的可能。

灰林鸮是夜间活动的猛禽，主要猎食啮齿目动物。灰林鸮会从高处俯冲下来捉住猎物，并将之整个吞下。夜间以视觉及听觉捕捉猎物，飞行时几乎没有声音。灰林鸮能够捕捉较小的猫头鹰，但年轻的灰林鸮有可能反被雕鸮、苍鹰或狐狸等猎杀。

The tawny owl or brown owl (Strix aluco) is a stocky, medium-sized owl commonly found in woodlands across much of Eurasia. Its underparts are pale with dark streaks, and the upperparts are either brown or grey. Several of the eleven recognised subspecies have both variants. The nest is typically in a tree hole where it can protect its eggs and young against potential predators. This owl is non-migratory and highly territorial. Many young birds starve if they cannot find a vacant territory once parental care ceases.