Initially, bronchiolitis symptoms are similar to the common cold - congestion, pharyngitis, sore throat, and cough.

细支气管炎一开始的症状和普通感冒相似，鼻塞、咽部发炎、喉咙痛、咳嗽等。

Alright, as a quick recap, bronchiolitis is inflammation of the small airways that typically affects infants and young children.

得！快速回顾一下：细支气管炎指细小气管产生炎症，通常见于婴儿和年幼的儿童。

Sometimes a severe bout of bronchiolitis may be due to more than one of these invaders attacking at the same time.

有时严重的细支气管炎发作可能是因为感染了不止一种病原体。

There's no proven antiviral therapy for bronchiolitis, so treatment usually consists of supplemental oxygen and giving fluids to prevent dehydration.

目前针对细支气管炎没有可靠的抗病毒治疗，因此治疗通常包括补氧和补液以防止脱水。

Young infants with bronchiolitis can also experience central apnea which is where they have short periods of time where they stop breathing altogether.

患有细支气管炎的婴幼儿也可能会产生中枢性呼吸暂停，即在较短时间内呼吸完全停止。

Although the main cause of bronchiolitis is respiratory syncytial virus, it can be caused by other viruses like adenovirus, human bocavirus, and human metapneumovirus.

虽然细支气管炎的主要原因是呼吸道合胞病毒感染，但其他病毒感染也会导致细支气管炎，如腺病毒、人博卡病毒和人偏肺病毒。

Children at risk for bronchiolitis include those who weren't breastfed, those born prematurely, and those with neuromuscular disorders that cannot easily clear their airways.

儿童易患细支气管炎的风险因素包括未经母乳喂养、早产、患有神经肌肉型疾病而难以清除气管杂物。

But when it came to constrictive bronchiolitis — the disease Miller believed he found in his biopsies — the agency stymied his efforts to create a criterion, he says.

但当涉及到收缩性支气管炎——米勒认为他在活检中发现的疾病——该机构阻碍了他制定标准的努力，他说。

The diagnosis of bronchiolitis is largely a clinical diagnosis based on whether RSV is known to be circulating at a given time of the year, the child's age, and the presence of classic signs and symptoms.

细支气管炎的诊断主要是通过临床诊断，诊断依据包括RSV在一年中的流行时段，儿童的年龄与典型体征和症状。