博涯监狱开始是法国抵御海上侵略的城堡，后来改造成了一座监狱。

“博涯监狱”也被称“博涯堡垒（Fort Boyard）”，在它的建成之初，它一直是被当作抵御入侵的防御堡垒来使用的。为了抵御来自英国长年不断的海上威胁，1804年，刚刚创建起法兰西第一帝国的帝国皇帝拿破仑一世下令在现属于滨海夏朗德省的位于大西洋中的爱克斯岛北部的海中建造一座可攻可守的坚固堡垒。这座巨大的工程历时半个多世纪，于1857年完工。这时，拿破仑所创建的第一帝国早已分崩离析。这个浩大的建筑工事完成了它一个半世纪的海防工作后被改造成了一座军事监狱，用来关押***。1950年博涯监狱被归入历史建筑名册并被整修。

This article is about the fortification of Fort Boyard itself; for the game show see Fort Boyard (TV series).

Fort Boyard (pronounced: [fɔʁ bɔjaʀ]) is a fort located between the Île-d'Aix and the Île d'Oléron in the Pertuis d'Antioche straits, on the west coast of France and is the filming location for the TV gameshow of the same name. Though a fort on Boyard bank was suggested as early as the 17th century, it was not until the 1800s under Napoleon Bonaparte that work began. Building started in 1801 and was completed in 1857. In 1967, the final scene of the French film Les aventuriers was filmed at the remains of the fort.