波士顿大屠杀（英文：Boston Massacre）是发生在北美殖民地波士顿的国王街（King Street）的一个事件。英军士兵和平民之间发生冲突，有5名平民被枪杀身亡。

英国与北美殖民地在税收上爆发了争议，因为英国政府的经济压迫导致殖民地人士的反感。一开始英国向北美课征印花税，被迫废除，而后又向入口北美的商品如茶叶、砂糖、兰姆酒、铅、铁、油漆、棉花等课征了巨额税金，这使得北美更是充满不满，许多人表示「无代表，不纳税」，要求英国国会必须赋予殖民地议员席次。1774年， 英国颁布不容积法案(Intolerable Acts) ，关闭波士顿港区，增派注军， 撤销麻萨诸塞区自治权， 确立对殖民地的司法权。英国政府大量驻军，以武力恫吓殖民地人民，如波士顿就驻有英军4,000人，但人民不过只有16,000人。

The Boston Massacre, known as the Incident on King Street by the British, was an incident on March 5, 1770, in which British Army soldiers killed five male civilians and injured six others. The incident was heavily propagandized by leading Patriots, such as Paul Revere and Samuel Adams, to fuel animosity toward the British authorities. British troops had been stationed in Boston, capital of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, since 1768 in order to protect and support crown-appointed colonial officials attempting to enforce unpopular Parliamentary legislation. Amid ongoing tense relations between the population and the soldiers, a mob formed around a British sentry, who was subjected to verbal abuse and harassment. He was eventually supported by eight additional soldiers, who were subjected to verbal threats and thrown objects. They fired into the crowd, without orders, instantly killing three people and wounding others. Two more people died later of wounds sustained in the incident.