波罗蜥科（Bolosauridae）是一群已绝种的无孔亚纲爬行动物，生存于二叠纪早到中期。化石在北美洲、俄罗斯、法国、德国、中国发现；生存年代最早是石炭纪最晚期（格舍尔阶）或二叠纪最早期（阿舍尔阶）。

波罗蜥科在那个时代是很独特的动物，因为牠们是二足动物，是目前已知最古老的二足爬行动物。波罗蜥科的牙齿显示牠们可能是草食性动物。波罗蜥科是种稀有的族群、并且没有留下任何后代就灭亡了。

以下波罗蜥科演化树是根据Robert R. Reisz等人在2008年的研究：

真双足蜥

Bolosaurus grandis

Bolosauridae is an extinct family of ankyramorph parareptiles known from the latest Carboniferous (Gzhelian) or earliest Permian (Asselian) to the early Guadalupian epoch (latest Roadian stage) of North America, China, Germany, Russia and France. The bolosaurids were unusual for their time period by being bipedal, the oldest known tetrapods to have been so. Their teeth suggest that they were herbivores. The bolosaurids were a rare group and died out without any known descendants. The following cladogram shows the phylogenetic position of the Bolosauridae, from Johannes Müller, Jin-Ling Li and Robert R. Reisz, 2008.